Shared Mobility: Current Practices and Guiding Principles

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Contact Information: Operations Feedback at OperationsFeedback@dot.gov

U.S. Department of Transportation
Federal Highway Administration
Office of Operations
1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE
Washington, DC 20590
www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov

Publication #: FHWA-HOP-16-022

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Table of Contents

• Executive Summary
• Chapter 1. Introduction Background
  • How to Use This Document
  • Shared Mobility Primer Overview
  • Key Terms Used in the Primer
  • References
• Chapter 2. Shared Mobility Service Models
  • Introduction
    • Labor and Consumer Trends
    • Technological Trends
  • Shared Mobility Service Options
    • Membership-Based Self-Service Models
    • Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Service Models
    • Non-Membership Self-Service Models
    • For-Hire Service Models
    • Mass Transit Services
  • References
• Chapter 3. Shared Mobility Impacts: Current Understanding
  • Carsharing
  • Bikesharing
  • Ridesharing
  • Ridesourcing
  • References
• Chapter 4. The Role Of Public Agencies In Shared Mobility
  • Health, Safety, and Consumer Protection
  • Taxation
  • Insurance
    • Carsharing
    • Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Carsharing
    • Bikesharing
    • Ridesharing
    • For-Hire Driver Laws
  • Parking and Rights-of-Way
    • Carsharing Public
    • Bikesharing
    • High-Tech Company Shuttles
  • Signage and Advertising
  • Multimodal Integration
  • Planning Processes
  • Data Sharing, Privacy, and Standardization
  • Accessibility and Equity Issues
    • Low-Income Access
    • Older Adult Mobility
    • Disability Access
  • Conclusion
  • References
• Chapter 5. Lessons Learned And Challenges In The Future
  • Consistent Public and Private Sector Standards and Definitions
  • Developing Metrics, Modeling, Planning Platforms, and Methodologies to Assess the Economic and Travel Impacts of Shared Mobility
  • Recognizing Shared Mobility as a Key Component of Transportation Policy and Planning
  • Encouraging Multimodal Integration
  • Ensuring Accessibility to and Equity of Shared Modes for All Transportation Users
  • Insurance Regulations, Availability, and Affordability
  • Balancing Data Sharing with Privacy
  • Conclusion
  • References
• Chapter 6. Guiding Principles For Public Agencies
• Appendix A. Tables
• Appendix B. Glossary
• Acknowledgements

List of Figures

• Figure 1. Core, Incumbent, and Innovative Services
• Figure 2. Shared Mobility Service Models
• Figure 3: Helmet Kiosk for the Pronto Cycle Share System in Seattle
• Figure 4. Driver Insurance Periods Impacting Ridesourcing/TNC Operations
• Figure 5. Portland's Carsharing Option Zone
• Figure 6. car2go Bicycle Racks
• Figure 7. Shift in Personal Driving as Result of Public Bikesharing Use

List of Tables

• Table 1. Total and Component Costs of Highly Taxed One-Hour Carsharing Reservations
• Table 2. Examples of Shared Mobility Multimodal Integration Efforts
• Table 3. Impacts of Roundtrip Carsharing
• Table 4. Demographics of the North American Roundtrip Carsharing Member (N is the sample size)
• Table 5. Aggregate Shift in Public Transit and Non-Motorized Modes Due to Roundtrip Carsharing Use
• Table 6. Public Bikesharing Impacts (limited to the survey respondents during the data collection period)
• Table 7. Race of Capital Bikeshare Annual Members and Casual Users
• Table 8. Annual/Seasonal/30-Day Bikesharing Member Demographics of Cities Surveyed in Canada and U.S.
• Table 9. Public Bikesharing Member Demographics of Mexico City
• Table 10. Ridesourcing Demographics of Survey Respondents in San Francisco
• Table 11. Respondent Modal Preference if Ridesourcing (uberX/Lyft/Sidecar) Were Not Available
• Table 12. Ridesourcing and Taxi Trips Travel Times in San Francisco