D. TMP Template 2 Moderate-to-Major Impacts

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Table of Contents

1.0 Project Description

2.0 TMP Team—Roles and Responsibilities

3.0 Preliminary Work Zone Impact Assessment

4.0 Existing Conditions

5.0 Operational Analysis

5.1. Safety Analysis

5.2. Traffic Analysis

6.0 Work Zone Impact Management Strategies

7.0 Notes

8.0 TMP Implementation/Monitoring

9.0 TMP Review/Approvals

10.0 Appendices

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1.0 Project Description

This section provides an overview of the project, which generally includes:

• Work zone limits (if possible, include a map showing the limits of the work).
• Project background information.
• Specific traffic restrictions expected on major roadways during the work (e.g., shoulder closures, lane closures, lane shifts).
• Specific roadways that will be directly affected by the project work zones.
• Regional projects that may impact each other.
• Project schedule.

2.0 TMP Team—Roles and Responsibilities

Defining roles and responsibilities from the initial stages of a project helps to coordinate all the activities related to TMP development, implementation, and monitoring. This section includes contact information and roles and responsibilities for major personnel involved in the project, such as:

• TMP Development Managers—Agency/Contractor personnel with the primary responsibility for developing the TMP.
• TMP Implementation Managers—Agency/Contractor personnel primarily responsible for implementing the TMP.
• TMP Implementation Task Leaders—Agency personnel/Contractor personnel who manage, complete, oversee, or assist in specific transportation management tasks (examples include TTC inspection/supervision, PI Officer, etc.) during the work.
• Public Information Officer—Agency personnel who provide real-time public awareness of the work zone, including detection, prevention, and response to incidents.
• Emergency Contacts—Public or semi-public agencies (e.g., hospitals, schools) that need to be kept informed about work zone activities, especially in case of a road closures.

The following tables can be used to list contact information and roles and responsibilities of major personnel involved in the project. The tables can be modified to meet agency needs.

TMP Development Managers

Department of Transportation (DOT)	Consultant
Name/Title:	Name/Title:
Unit:	Unit:
Phone:	Phone:
Email:	Email:
Roles and Responsibilities:

TMP Implementation/Monitoring Managers

DOT	Consultant
Name/Title:	Name/Title:
Unit:	Unit:
Phone:	Phone:
Email:	Email:
Roles and Responsibilities:

TMP Implementation Task Leaders

DOT	Consultant
Name/Title:	Name/Title:
Unit:	Unit:
Phone:	Phone:
Email:	Email:
Roles and Responsibilities:

Public Information Officer

DOT	Consultant
Name/Title:	Name/Title:
Unit:	Unit:
Phone:	Phone:
Email:	Email:
Roles and Responsibilities:

Emergency Service Contacts

Fire and Emergency Medical Services (FEMS)	Police Department (PD)
Name/Title:	Name/Title:
Unit:	Unit:
Phone:	Phone:
Email:	Email:
Roles and Responsibilities:

3.0 Preliminary Work Zone Impact Assessment

As challenges vary greatly from one project to another, a preliminary assessment of work zone impacts developed in the early planning stages of the project will help identify issues or uncover problem areas that should be considered during project development. Agency guidelines apply on determining the impact levels and how extensive the preliminary assessment should be. Some agencies use decision-support tools, while others have developed checklists/flowcharts to assist in the decision-making process. For projects where major impacts are readily apparent, agencies may choose to conduct a detailed analysis directly (skip to Section 4.0), rather than go through a preliminary assessment.

Some of the potential questions that could help in a preliminary assessment of work zone impacts include:

Does the project includes a long-term closure and/or extended weekend closure?

If Yes, what is/are the applicable type of facility(ies)?

• Freeway
• Principal Arterial
• Minor Arterial
• Collector
• Local

Can traffic be detoured?

• Is the local alternate detour route in good condition?
• Will the detour route have a detrimental impact on emergency vehicles, school buses, or other sensitive traffic?
• Are there load limit restrictions on the detour?
• Are there bridge/culvert height or width restrictions on the detour?

Is the existing shoulder sufficient to support traffic during construction?

Is additional width required on culverts or bridges to maintain traffic?

Is there a pedestrian/bicycle facility that must be maintained?

Would a temporary structure(s) be required?

Would a median crossover be needed?

Would there be a need to maintain railroad traffic?

Could maintenance of traffic have an impact on existing or proposed utilities?

Does it appear that maintenance of traffic will require additional right-of-way?

Can the contractor restrict the roadway during the time periods listed?

• a.m. peak hours, one direction
• p.m. peak hours, one direction
• a.m. peak hours, both directions
• p.m. peak hours, both directions
• Overnight
• Local celebrations
• Holidays or weekends
• Sporting events/other special events

Will project timing (for example, start or end date) be affected by special events:

• School closings or openings?
• Holidays?
• Sporting events?

Are there any projects to be considered along the corridor or in the region?

• Roadwork in the immediate area that may affect traffic or the contractor’s operations?
• Roadwork on other roads that may affect the use of alternate routes?

Are there other maintenance of traffic issues? If so, specify.

Some projects (e.g., on low volume rural roads) may need only a simple screening tool such as a checklist, while others (e.g., in congested urban areas) may need quantitative analysis (level of service analysis, signal timing, etc) to determine the impact levels. Quantitative analysis may indicate the need for some additional analysis and/or strategies to assess and manage the impacts, or it may indicate that impacts are relatively low and few strategies are required beyond the temporary traffic control (TTC) plan.

NOTE: If the project is expected to create moderate-to-major impacts, continue with this template. For lower impacts projects, use Template 1.

4.0 Existing Conditions

This section provides an overview of the existing conditions within the study area. The existing conditions generally include:

• Roadway characteristics (history, roadway classification, number of lanes, geometrics, urban/suburban/rural).
• Historical traffic data (volumes, speed, capacity, volume/capacity, percent trucks, queue length, peak traffic hours).
• Traffic operations (signal timing, traffic controls).
• Crash data.
• Pedestrian/bicycle facilities.
• Transit facilities.
• Truck routes.
• Local community and business concerns/issues.
  • Comments/concerns regarding traffic operations, delays, access/egress, etc., that have been received from community, business representatives, and stakeholders during the planning and design stages of the project development.
  • Specific concerns on pedestrian, bicycle, transit facilities, etc. This will help in assessing the impacts and assist in developing appropriate strategies to alleviate the identified issues and concerns.

The sample table below summarizes pertinent project information. Agencies can modify the table to meet their needs.

Roadways Affected by MOT Plans—Summary

Roadway/Street Name	Classification	ADT	Capacity	Peak Hour Volume	Existing LOS	Proposed LOS

5.0 Operational Analysis

This section is intended to provide information on safety and mobility aspects within the project influence area, including traffic safety, data collection and modeling approach, traffic analysis, and other issues and concerns. This operational analysis will help identify potential work zone impacts and guide selection of TMP strategies.

5.1. Safety Analysis

A safety analysis will help identify the potential locations for monitoring and/or other strategy deployments during construction to help manage work zone safety. Ongoing monitoring of the potential locations for any increase in crashes is important while the TTC, TOP, and PI&O are implemented.

The table, below can be used to summarize crash data (at least for the previous three years) by intersection or control section. The table can be modified depending on agency needs/standards. Crash data may include:

• Number of crashes by location.
• Percentage of crashes by type or contributory factors.
• Crashes per million vehicles, etc.

Summary of Crashes

Intersection Name/ Control Section	Total	Injuries	Fatalities	Work Zone	Type of Crashes
					Pedestrian	Bicycle	Rear-End	Right Angle	Left-Turn

5.2. Traffic Analysis

5.2.1. Data Collection and Traffic Modeling

Based on the type and complexity of the analysis to be conducted, data collection/gathering may include:

• Traffic counts (vehicles, bicycles, pedestrians, trucks).
• Speed survey (counts, posted and 85th percentile speeds, etc).
• Intersection control.
• Land use.

Measures of effectiveness (MOEs) are usually determined for the primary/critical roadway segments. The type of analysis greatly depends on agency policies and practices, and complexity of the project.

MOEs can include:

• Delays
• Queue Lengths
• LOS
• Travel Time
• V/C Ratio
• Congestion/User cost

The use of traffic analysis tools depends on the roadway classification (corridor/freeway/freeway surface street interchange) and level of complexity of the project. Specific tools available for use in modeling include the following:

• SYNCHRO
• HCS
• Quick Zone
• QUEWZ
• CA4PRS
• DYNASMART- P
• Lane Closure Analysis Program (LCAP)/Charts
• VISSIM
• CORSIM
• Quadro

A single tool may be used in modeling, or for some projects a combination of tools may be helpful.

5.2.2. Alternatives/Impact Assessment

A work zone impact assessment is the process of understanding the safety and mobility impacts of a road construction, rehabilitation, or maintenance projects. The analysis compares and documents various work zone options and associated maintenance of traffic constraints, including staging/phasing options as well as temporary traffic control options, for each project and work zone design alternative. Performing an alternatives analysis during the preliminary stages of the project helps in selecting the best option going forward.

An alternative assessment may involve a high-level qualitative analysis or a detailed quantitative analysis using various models, as described in section 5.2.1. It involves a comparison between existing and future traffic operations for different alternatives. These comparisons should be evaluated in conjunction with agency thresholds to determine whether the impacts are acceptable or not. For unacceptable impacts, agencies should follow their safety and mobility policy guidelines for reducing the impacts.

To assess the impacts, traffic analysis is usually conducted for existing conditions and proposed work zone alternatives, and the results compared. Traffic analysis helps to:

• Provide a baseline to compare with future work zone alternatives.
• Identify the extent of possible traffic backups, which can then be used to determine potential detour routes or where traffic may naturally reroute itself, or locations that may need additional monitoring.

The sample table template below provides an easy comparison of MOEs for different alternatives. Agencies can modify the table to meet their needs.

Summary of MOEs for Alternatives—Exiting with Construction Conditions

MOEs	Existing	Alternative 1	Alternative 2	***Alternative 3
				***
				***
				***
Legend
*** Indicates Selected Alternative

This section can also include a brief review of the impact assessment of the selected construction alternative in different areas such as:

• Community Accessibility—Impact on access/egress of the community and businesses around the work zones (if any).
• Pedestrians and Bicyclists—Safety and accessibility of pedestrians with respect to sidewalk/crosswalk closures, ADA compliance, feasibility, safety of pedestrian detours, temporary crosswalks, etc.
• Public Transportation—Work zone impact on the existing bus routes and bus stops. If any alternate bus stops are provided, are the routes to, as well as the bus stops ADA compliant?
• Commercial Vehicles—Measures considered to reduce/detour the commercial vehicles (in case of significant impact operating in and around the work zones).
• Utilities—Major utility projects could impact the roadway traffic. It is important to identify the utility projects scheduled to take place during the construction period and consider them while developing the TMP.

6.0 Work Zone Impact Management Strategies

This section provides an overview of various strategies deployed to improve the safety and mobility of work zones and reduce the work zone impacts on the road users, community, and businesses.

The strategies are grouped according to the following three categories.

1. Temporary Traffic Control (TTC)
2. Transportation Operations (TO)
3. Public Information and Outreach (PI&O).

In addition to traditional TTC strategies, TO and PI mitigation measures must be used for significant projects. Some examples of TO and PI strategies include:

• Motorist assist patrols.
• Enhanced sign and pavement markings.
• Increased police enforcement.
• Real-time traffic information and updates on project delays.

The sample tables below provide a summary of various work zone management strategies. The tables can be modified by agencies to suit their needs.

Temporary Traffic Control		Cost
Control Strategies
1. Construction phasing/staging
2. Full roadway closures
3. Lane shifts or closures
4. One-lane, two-way controlled operation
5. Two-way, one-lane traffic/reversible lanes
6. Ramp closures/relocation
7. Freeway-to-freeway interchange closures
8. Night work
9. Weekend work
10. Work hour restrictions for peak travel
11. Pedestrian/bicycle access improvements
12. Business access improvements
13. Off-site detours/use of alternate routes
Traffic Control Devices
14. Temporary signs
15. Arrow boards
16. Channelizing devices
17. Temporary pavement markings
18. Flaggers and uniformed traffic control officers
19. Temporary traffic signals
20. Lighting devices
Project Coordination Strategies
21. Other area projects
22. Utilities
23. Right-of-Way
24. Other transportation infrastructure
Innovative Contracting Strategies
25. Design-Build
26. A+B Bidding
27. Incentive/Disincentive clauses
28. Lane rental
29. Performance specifications
Innovative or Accelerated Construction Techniques
30. Prefabricated/precast elements
31. Rapid cure materials

Transportation Operations		Cost
Demand Management Strategies
1. Transit service improvements
2. Transit incentives
3. Shuttle services
4. Parking supply management
5. Variable work hours
6. Telecommuting
7. Ridesharing/carpooling incentives
8. Park-and-Ride promotion
Corridor/Network Management Strategies
9. Signal timing/coordination improvements
10. Temporary traffic signals
11. Street/intersection improvements
12. Bus turnouts
13. Turn restrictions
14. Parking restrictions
15. Truck/heavy vehicle restrictions
16. Reversible lanes
17. Dynamic lane closure system
18. Ramp closures
19. Railroad crossing controls
20. Coordination with adjacent construction site(s)
Work Zone ITS Strategies
21. Late lane merge
22. PCMS with speed display
23. Travel time estimation system
24. Advanced speed information system
25. Advanced congestion warning system
26. Conflict warning system (e.g., construction vehicles entering roadway)
27. Travel time monitor system
28. Freeway queue monitor system
29. CCTV monitoring
30. Real-time detour
Work Zone Safety Management Strategies
31. Speed limit reduction/variable speed limits
32. Temporary traffic signals
33. Temporary traffic barrier
34. Movable traffic barrier systems
35. Crash cushions
36. Temporary rumble strips
37. Intrusion alarms
38. Warning lights
39. Automated flagger assistance devices (AFADs)
40. Project task force/committee
41. Construction safety supervisors/inspectors
42. Road safety audits
43. TMP monitor/inspection team
Incident Management and Enforcement Strategies
44. ITS for traffic monitoring/management
45. TMC
46. Surveillance (e.g., CCTV)
47. Helicopter for aerial surveillance
48. Traffic Screens
49. Call boxes
50. Mile-post markers
51. Tow/freeway service patrol
52. Total station units
53. Photogrammetry
54. Media coordination
55. Local detour routes
56. Contract support for Incident Management
57. Incident/Emergency management coordination
58. Incident/Emergency response plan
59. Dedicated (paid) police enforcement
60. Cooperative police enforcement
61. Automated enforcement
62. Increased penalties for work zone violations
63. Emergency pull-offs

Public Information and Outreach		Cost
Public Awareness Strategies
1. Branding
2. Press kits
3. Brochures and mailers
4. Press releases/media alerts
5. Mass media (earned and/or paid)
6. Paid advertisements
7. Project Information Center
8. Telephone hotline
9. Planned lane closure website
10. Project website
11. Public meetings/hearings, workshops
12. Community task forces
13. Coordination with media/schools/business/emergency services
14. Work zone education and safety campaigns
15. Work zone safety highway signs
16. Rideshare promotions
17. Visual information
Motorist Information Strategies
18. Radio traffic news
19. Changeable message signs
20. Temporary motorist information signs
21. Dynamic speed message sign
22. Highway Advisory Radio (HAR)
23. Extinguishable Signs
24. Highway information network (web-based)
25. Traveler information systems(wireless, handheld)
26. Transportation Management Center (TMC)
27. Live traffic camera(s) on a website
28. Project information hotline
29. Email alerts

7.0 Notes

Any additional notes on selected strategies, the TMP in general, or any item requiring special attention for the project can be provided in this section.

8.0 TMP Implementation/Monitoring

The TMP needs to be implemented in the field, as specified, unless any changes have been approved by the agency. To help ensure appropriate implementation, 23 CFR 630 Subpart J §630.1012(e) requires that the State/Agency and the contractor each designate a trained person at the project level who has the primary responsibility and sufficient authority for implementing the TMP and other safety and mobility aspects of the project.

Monitoring the performance of the TMP during the construction phase is important to establish whether the predicted impacts closely resemble the actual conditions in the field, and whether the TMP strategies are effective in managing the impacts. TMP monitoring is needed for both oversight and evaluation purposes, such as:

• Monitoring and documenting TMP changes during construction.
• Preparing an evaluation of the TMP, including lessons learned.
• Refining work zone impact analysis processes and models based on outcomes.

TMP monitoring includes details of any specific observational, logging, and/or recording activities conducted during the project for work zone performance measurement purposes. Examples of possible performance measures for TMP monitoring include:

• Volume
• LOS
• Queue length
• Delay
• Travel time
• Number of crashes/incidents
• Incident response and clearance times
• Type and frequency of legitimate complaints received.

It is helpful for the TMP Implementation/Monitoring Managers to meet with the Project Manager on a regular basis to discuss and assess the safety and mobility impacts of the project work zone to date. This helps to assess how well the TMP is managing the project impacts, and can help identify and address issues before they become problems. It also provides the opportunity to verify that all key stakeholders and project officials have been receiving timely notifications where required.

9.0 TMP Review/Approvals

TMPs, and changes to TMPs, must be approved by the DOT before they are implemented. As part of this process, many agencies conduct a TMP review, either by a designated individual or a team. A TMP review is particularly important for higher impact projects, and will help with future revisions of the TMP and performance monitoring. The TMP approval is then based on the TMP review.

It is ideal to have a specific person, such as the "Chief Engineer and/or a designate, approve the final TMP design document before implementation. It is recommended that major updates also be approved by Chief Engineer or designate.

A sample TMP Approval Template is given below which can be modified by agencies according to their practice/needs.

Chief Engineer			Project Engineer
All approvals must be obtained prior to start of work
Signature:			Signature:
Name:			Name:
Date:			Date:
Revision #	Initials	Date	Revision #	Initials	Date
1			1
2			2

10.0 Appendices

Appendices may include:

• Traffic Counts
• Traffic Analysis (Existing compared with future)
• Temporary Traffic Control Plans
• Public Information and Outreach Plan
• TMP Review Notes
• Project Monitoring Form or Post-Project Evaluation Form.

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