Work Zone Mobility and Safety Program
Photo collage: temporary lane closure, road marking installation, cone with mounted warning light, and drum separated work zones.
Office of Operations 21st Century Operations Using 21st Century Technologies

Text from 'Transportation Management Plans Effectiveness Study' PowerPoint Presentation

Workshops > Integrating Operations

Slide 1

Transportation Management Plans

Effectiveness Study

Caltrans Logo

Robert_Copp@dot.ca.gov

Slide 2

"Previous Successes"

OLYMPIAD XXIII - 1984

  • Projections of Huge Traffic Jams
  • Images of Stranded Tourists Missing Events
  • Residents "Scared" into Leaving Town
  • Los Angeles Praised
    • "Great Planning!"

San Francisco Earthquake - 1989

  • No Advance Warning
  • Motorists / Congestion Disappeared
  • Diversions Did Not Account for Total
  • "Where Did They All Go??"
  • San Francisco Praised
    • "Great Work!"

"People are Resilient AND Resourceful!"

Speaker Notes: In one, we just scared people away. In the second, people disappeared (not telecommuting, not taking alternate routes, not taking alternate modes,....)but came back as soon as the Bay Bridge opened.

We certainly want to use our TMP strategies, but we want to be cost-effective.

  • Shifts in Work Week Scheduling
  • Major Firms Provided Trans., Telecommuting, etc
  • Truck Traffic Reduced during Peaks
  • Rescheduled Highway Maint.
  • Exclusive Bus Lanes
  • Restricted Parking
  • 24-Hour Ramp Metering
  • Increased Usage of CMS

Slide 3

Study Purpose

  • Evaluate District compliance with Guidelines
  • Evaluate Typical Measures of Effectiveness
  • Determine Most Effective Strategies
  • Evaluate Cost versus Benefit
  • Establish Lessons Learned
  • Formulate Recommendations to Improve
    • TMP Process / Modify Guidelines

Slide 4

Caltrans' Mission - To Improve Mobility Across California

8 of 15 of the Most Congested Cities are in California

Graphic from newspaper showing that eight cities in California are considered the most congested including: Los Angeles, San Fransisco-Oakland, San Diego and Sacramento.

Newspaper article headline reads 'Stuck in Traffic Rut', 'Bay Area Commute Second Worst in Nation'

Caltran worker says, "We must get the most out of the roads we have before building any new ones...well, duh!"

Slide 5

What's the Policy?

Deputy Directive 60 (Eff. 2000)

Caltrans' commitment is to: Minimize motorist delays for ALL activities on the State highway system without compromising public or worker safety, or the quality of the work being performed.

Construction, Encroachment Permits, Maintenance, Special Events, 100% Compliance with varying levels of treatment...

Slide 6

TMP Categories & Strategies

"Blanket" TMP "Minor" TMP (Majority) "Major" TMP (~5% of Projects)
No expected delays Minimal impacts caused by work Significant impacts caused by work
Off peak Lane closure charts required Multiple TMP strategies
Low volume roads Some mitigation measures required Multiple contracts
Moving lane closures empty cell empty cell
Portable CMS, FSP, TMT, Off-peak hours Night Work, Portable & Fixed CMS, COZEEP, TMT, HAR, FSP, Gawk Screens.. Public Awareness Campaigns, Fixed CMS, Extended Closures, Moveable Barriers, COZEEP, Detours, Reduced Lane Widths, Website, Helicopter..

Slide 7

Six TMP Strategies

  • Public Information
  • Motorist Information
  • Incident Management
  • Construction Strategies
  • Demand Management
  • Alternate Routes

TMP Costs for one Project were estimated as high as $7,000,000

Slide 8

How Would You Measure the Effectiveness of TMP Strategies?

  • Overall Corridor
  • Public Awareness
  • Motorist Information
  • Incident Management

Traffic Volume Counts, Floating Car Runs, Queue Lengths, Transit Ridership, Video Surveillance ..

Personal or Mail-in Surveys, No. of Calls or Website Hits, Public Meeting Attendance ..

Personal or Mail-in Surveys, Traffic Observations ..

Accident Response /Removal Time, Pre- / Post- Accident Rates ..

Slide 9

Measurement of Effectiveness (Cont.)

  • Construction Strategies
  • Demand Management
  • Alternate Routes

Traffic Volume Counts, Floating Car Runs, Queue Lengths, Lane Closures Set / Picked Up on Time ..

Trip Mode Distribution, Park 'n' Ride Lot Usage, Carpooling Surveys, Employer Surveys ..

Traffic Volume Counts Floating Car Runs, Origin/Destination Surveys ..

Slide 10

Example of Corridor Effectiveness Results

District 07

I-10 Long-Life Pavement Project

  • Vehicle Delay
  • Traffic Volumes
  • Length of Queues
  • Safety

Example

Pre-Const. Estimate= 1,000,000 veh-hrs

Actual Delay= 16,000 veh-hrs

Traffic Demand on Interstate 10 was reduced by 57% (from 112,000 to 56,000 veh)

Initial Estimate = 44 miles

Actual Queue Length = 1.9 miles

No collisions or Employee injuries occurred in the Work Zone

Project Characteristics

  • Fast-setting Hydraulic Concrete
  • Closed 2 of 4 Lanes
  • Extended 55-Hour Closures

Speaker Notes: PROJECT -- D7 - "LONG LIFE PAVEMENT AC" - EA# 1384UI ROUTE: I-710 (Long Beach Fwy - from SR 1 to SR 405) -- Start OCT 2002 -- 4.9-km segment

DELAY IF NO TMP IMPLEMENTED

Closures: Ten 55-hour Weekend closures (10PM Fri - 5 AM Mon) - stages 3 through 6 5 weeks NB / 5 weeks SB Fwy closure / Ramp closures full structural sections under OC to meet std. Vert. clearance

USED QUICKCHANGE MOVEABLE BARRIER

Slide 11

Actual Delay in Work Zone With TMP Strategies

District 07

I-10 Long-Life Pavement Project

Example

This line graph compares the projected delay in a work zone to the actual delay of a work zone on a given Saturday and Sunday (by hour). The actual delay during an afternoon rush hour, at it's peak on Saturday, was about 500 veh/hr, while the projected delay for the same time period was about 3400 veh/hr. On Sunday, the actual delay at peak rush hour was about 250 veh/hr, while the projected delay for that same period was almost 1000 veh/hr.

Delay in Minutes Saturday Sunday
Rte 30/ Foothill Blvd. 9 2
Arrow Highway 7 2
Holt Ave 6 5
Mission Blvd 3 2
Detour-Rte 60 Freeway 20 34

Slide 12

But.. WHICH strategies led to these Great Results??

Slide 13

Most Effective Strategies - Public Awareness

"If you drive I-80, you might want to consider an alternate route this morning.."

"Which way should we go today..?"

Use HOV, Bus or Rail

Telecommute ..

Leave Earlier or Later ..

Slide 14

Instead of saying "Bridge Replacement Project" --...

Slogans AND Maps are Good and Easy to Remember..

Slide 15

District 04

Central Freeway Replacement Project

Project Characteristics

  • Full-freeway Closure
  • On- and Off-Ramps Closed
  • Extensive Public Info Campaign

What Did the Public Notice?

Bar Graph: This chart provides information on which type of media the public notices.

The majority of the public, 78%, became aware of construction through newspaper articles followed by:

  • TV news at 63%
  • Freeway Signs at 50%
  • Radio Traffic Reports at 42%
  • Radio News Reports at 40%
  • Word of Mouth at 37%
  • Fold-Out Brochures at 32%
  • Newspaper Ads at 15%
  • Newsletters at 11%
  • Billboards at 10%
  • One-Page Flyers at 7%
  • Banners at 6%
  • Radio "Man in the Street" at 5%
  • Other at 4%
  • Pubic Meetings at 2%

Slide 16

Effective Construction Strategies

Lane Requirement Charts

  • Based on "0" delay (Const.)
  • 5 -15 minutes Delay (Maint.)
  • According to District Traffic Managers - eliminates about 90% of potential delay

Problems

  • Const. windows reduced
  • More Night work (Urban/Rural)
  • Comparative Quality?
  • Comparative Safety?

Example of a ´Lane Requirement and Hours of Work´ Chart

Slide 17

Effective Construction Strategies (Cont.)

  • Construction Staging
  • Delay Penalty -- "Hammer" for the RE to charge the Contractor ($$$) for late pick-up of the closure .
  • Extended Closures (e.g. 55-Hour Weekends or 72-Hour Weekdays)
  • Narrow Lane Widths or Use of Shoulders (Peak Period)
  • Moveable Barriers
  • Contraglow ("Crossovers")
  • Contingency Plans (Redundancy)

Speaker Notes: QUICKCHANGE MOVEABLE BARRIER --

USED ON I-710 AND I-10 PROJECTS IN D7

Slide 18

Extended Closure - Schedule, Cost & Delay Comparison

District 08

I-15 Devore PCCP Reconstruction

Project Characteristics

  • Full-Freeway Closed - one direction
  • Extended 72-Hour Closures

Example

Table

empty cell Schedule Comparison Cost Comparison ($Millions) empty cell
Construction Scenario Total Closures Closure Hours User Delay Construction Traffic Handling Total Max Delay (Min)
72-Hour Weekday 8 512 5.6 10.5 2.1 18.2 75
55-Hour Weekend 10 550 14.2 12.5 2.6 29.3 196
1 Roadbed Continuous 2 400 6.9 8.9 1.0 16.8 196
10-Hour Night-time 220 2,200 4.9 19.1 1.3 25.3 36

Slide 19

Effective Strategies -- Demand Management

District 05

Cuesta Grade Project

Project Characteristics

  • Addition of NB / SB Truck-Climbing Lanes
  • Addition of Eight-foot Shoulders
  • Construction of massive Retaining Walls
  • No. of Peak Hour Trips - 4% Average Reduction
  • Van Pool Riders - 313% Increase
  • Bus Trips - 38% increase
    • Strategy Cost= $3,300,000
  • Park 'n' Ride Usage - 29% Increase
    • Strategy Cost= $780,000

Slide 20

Alternate Route Strategies (Info obtained by Survey)

District 04

Central Freeway Replacement Project

Pie Chart: The most popular Alernate Route Strategy was to take a Different Freeway or Ramp Route - 76% followed by:

  • City Streets Only - 11%
  • No Longer Made Trip - 3%
  • Public Transit - 2%
  • Other - 2%
  • Freeway / Transit - 3%
  • Freeway / Streets - 2%
  • Freeway / Fewer Trips - 1%.

Slide 21

Benefits vs. Costs?? "Bang for the Buck..."

District 11

I-5 / I-805 Widening Project

Project Characteristics

  • Const. Separate Freeway Bypass
  • Const. of new Interchange / Auxiliary Lanes

Example

TMP Strategies Strategy Cost
Public Information $607,500
Motorist Information $835,000
Incident Management -
COZEEP Cost = $1,700,000		 $2,767,000
Construction Strategies N/A
Demand Management - Goal - Increase Van, Carpools, Bus by 5% / Change worktime by 2%
 $400,000
Alternate Routes $10,000

Compare- Cost vs. Delay Savings

Slide 22

Lessons Learned

Public Awareness: Most Effective Strategies facilitate Decision-Making by Driving Public to avoid Work Zone

  • Public Awareness
    • Newspapers
    • TV News Spots
  • Advance Signage
    • Before Decision Points
    • On Preceding Weeks / Weekends

Construction Strategies are also very effective

  • Adhere To Lane Req'mt Charts
    • Real-Time Statusing is Needed
    • Penalties for Late Lane Opening
  • Keep Lanes Open
    • Narrow Lane Widths
    • Shoulder Usage during Peak

Speakers Notes: Public Awareness -- Local Papers ets. to Hit Specific Group
Businesses -- Flyers to Hit Large Group

Keep Lanes Open -- vs. Accident Rates..??

Slide 23

Lessons Learned (cont.)

Delay cost to motorists vs. TMP Costs

Consider Other Strategies:

  • Extended Closures vs. Night Closures
    • ("Get in & Stay in -- Get out & Stay out!")
  • Close Coordination w/ Locals (Detours, Signals...)
  • Shorten Contract Time through Incentives

Cost vs. Benefit

  • $$$ on Work Zone Enforcement vs. Benefit ??
  • $$$ on Brochures, Ads, Flyers, vs. Benefit ??
    • (Media Coverage -- no cost for Major Projects)
  • Costs of TMP Strategies vs. Delay costs

Other Issues

  • Truck Restrictions / Closures on Parallel Routes
  • Cumulative Impacts due to Multiple Projects
    • (Combine closures when advantageous)

Speakers Notes: Truck Restrictions -- Narrow Lanes...Parallel Routes -- Obstructing Traffic in/out of state

Slide 24

Recommendations

  • Streamlines TMP Process
    • Blanket / Minor Projects (Standardized Forms)
    • Major Projects (Brief, Standardized Reports)
    • Critical Monitoring Activities - Delay Counts, Runs
  • Proposed Studies
    • Detailed TMP Effectiveness - Costs vs. Benefits
    • Full-Freeway vs. Night Closures
    • Enforcement Practices (Placement, etc.)
  • Modify TMP Guidelines
    • Standardize Monitoring Practices
    • Standardize Reporting Practices
    • Include Non-Motorized Considerations

Slide 25

Transportation Management Plans

Questions?

Robert_Copp@dot.ca.gov

Slide 26

Handouts

  • TMP Process
  • Relationship between Project Characteristics and TMP Strategies
  • Sample Unit Costs for TMP Strategies
  • TMP Strategies—Unit cost Info
  • Sample Worksheet—Blanket TMP
  • Sample Delay Calculations

Slide 27

TMP Process

  1. Start
  2. Begin Programming Document (i.e. PID/PSR)
  3. Request TMP data sheet
  4. What kind of TMP is required?
    1. If a Major TMP is required, establish the TMP Team (Ops, Design, Engineering Services, Construction, CHP). Proceed to Step 5.
    2. If a Minor TMP is required, proceed to Step 5.
    3. If a Blanket TMP is required, proceed with Maintenance or Permits. End of process.
  5. Prepare TMP data sheet.
  6. Include TMP "$$$" in Programming Document.
  7. Project programmed—begin PA/ED stage.
  8. Refine TMP (Consider Traffic Impact and Constructability of Alternatives).
  9. Review TMP during PSE and start early TMP elements.
  10. Begin construction.
  11. Implement TMP.
    1. Monitor during construction.
  12. Modify TMP Strategies as needed.
    1. Actual delay exceeds threshold criteria.
  13. Prepare post-closure evaluation statement.

Slide 28

Relationship between Project Characteristics and Appropriate TMP Strategies

Project Characteristic Public Information Motorist Information Incident Management Const. Strategies Demand Management Alternate Routes
Duration Long empty cell empty cell empty cell Long Long
Length Short Short empty cell Short empty cell Long
Phasing Public Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Phasing Motorist Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Phasing empty cell Construction Strategies is an appropriate TMP strategy for Phasing Demand Management is an appropriate TMP strategy for Phasing Alternate Routes is an appropriate TMP strategy for Phasing
Urbanization Public Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Urbanization empty cell empty cell empty cell empty cell empty cell
(Non-Urbanized) empty cell Motorist Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Non-Urbanized empty cell empty cell empty cell empty cell
Average Daily Traffic empty cell empty cell Incident Management is an appropriate TMP strategy for Average Daily Traffic empty cell Demand Management is an appropriate TMP strategy for Average Daily Traffic Alternate Routes is an appropriate TMP strategy for Average Daily Traffic
Reduced Capacity Public Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Reduced Capacity Motorist Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Reduced Capacity Incident Management is an appropriate TMP strategy for Reduced Capacity Construction Strategies is an appropriate TMP strategy for Reduced Capacity Demand Management is an appropriate TMP strategy for Reduced Capacity Alternate Routes is an appropriate TMP strategy for Reduced Capacity
Viable Alternate Routes Public Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Viable Alternate Routes Motorist Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Viable Alternate Routes empty cell empty cell empty cell Alternate Routes is an appropriate TMP strategy for Viable Alternate Routes
(No Alternate Routes) empty cell empty cell Incident Management is an appropriate TMP strategy for No Alternate Routes Construction Strategies is an appropriate TMP strategy for No Alternate Routes Demand Management is an appropriate TMP strategy for No Alternate Routes empty cell
Traffic Delay Public Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Traffic Delay Motorist Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Traffic Delay Incident Management is an appropriate TMP strategy for Traffic Delay Construction Strategies is an appropriate TMP strategy for Traffic Delay Demand Management is an appropriate TMP strategy for Traffic Delay Alternate Routes is an appropriate TMP strategy for Traffic Delay
Public / Media Public Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Public/Media Motorist Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Public/Media Incident Management is an appropriate TMP strategy for Public/Media empty cell empty cell empty cell
Political Public Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Political Motorist Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Political empty cell Construction Strategies is an appropriate TMP strategy for Political empty cell Alternate Routes is an appropriate TMP strategy for Political
Affected Activity Centers Public Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Affected Activity Centers Motorist Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Affected Activity Centers empty cell Construction Strategies is an appropriate TMP strategy for Affected Activity Centers Demand Management is an appropriate TMP strategy for Affected Activity Centers Alternate Routes is an appropriate TMP strategy for Affected Activity Centers
Truck Percentage empty cell empty cell Incident Management is an appropriate TMP strategy for Truck Percentage empty cell empty cell empty cell
Business Impacts Public Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Business Impacts Motorist Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Business Impacts empty cell Construction Strategies is an appropriate TMP strategy for Business Impacts empty cell empty cell
Increase in Accidents empty cell Motorist Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Increase in Accidents Incident Management is an appropriate TMP strategy for Increase in Accidents empty cell Demand Management is an appropriate TMP strategy for Increase in Accidents empty cell
Steep Inclines empty cell Motorist Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Steep Inclines Incident Management is an appropriate TMP strategy for Steep Inclines empty cell empty cell Alternate Routes is an appropriate TMP strategy for Steep Inclines
Raised Medians empty cell Motorist Information is an appropriate TMP strategy for Raised Medians Incident Management is an appropriate TMP strategy for Raised Medians empty cell empty cell Alternate Routes is an appropriate TMP strategy for Raised Medians

Slide 29-30

Sample Unit Costs for TMP Strategies

The following 6 tables show rough costs for TMP Strategies.

Public Information

Strategy "Rough" Costs
Hiring Consultant to do PR $250,000+
Mailer (printing) $0.50-$1.00/1,000 Mailers
Mailer (cost to distribute) $0.34/mailer
Flyers (printing) $0.10-$1.00/1,000
Flyers (cost to distribute by outside company) $65/1,000
Billboards (+ $1,000 to transfer to vinal) $2,500/month
Press Release, Flyer, Bulletins (Develop, State Force) $224
Newspaper Ad (Black and White, 1/4 pg.) $6,000/day
Newspaper Ad (Black and White, 1/2 pg.) $12,000/day
Newspaper Ad (Black and White, full pg.) $18,000/day
Newspaper Ad (Color, 1/4 pg.) $8,000/day
Newspaper Ad (Color, 1/2 pg.) $14,000/day
Newspaper Ad (Color, full pg.) $22,000/day
Press Conference/Public Meeting (Depends on Location/Room Size) $0-1,000/day
Open House $3,000
Radio Ad (varies greatly) $800/minute
Telephone Hotline (+$250 Hook-up) $45/month
TV Commercial (Local Cable) $4,000+
TV Commercial (Broadcast Channel) $20,000+
Kiosk Rental (Small) $1,200/month
Kiosk Rental (Large) $1,500/month

 

Motorist Information

Strategy "Rough" Costs
Permanent CMS $300,000
Portable CMS $10,000
Portable CMS (Rental) $350/day, $1,500/week, $3,500/month
Portable Highway Advisory Radio $60,000/unit
Highway Advisory Radio (Super) $70,000/unit
Ground Mounted Signs $300 each

Incident Management

Strategy "Rough" Costs
COZEEP/MAZEEP (Two Officers at night) $1,000/night
Freeway Service Patrol (Including admin cost, contingency and CHP dispatch) $119.07/hr (reg. Time), $116.45/hr (Over Time)
Loop Detector $300 each
CCTV $20,000 to $200,000
Traffic Management Team (State Force) $0
Transportation Management Center (State Force) $0
Helicopter Surveillance $600/hour
Mobile Command Center (State Furnished) $0
Web Camera Range between $20,000 to $200,000

 

Construction Strategies

Strategy "Rough" Costs
K-Rail $10-15/lf
Movable Concrete Barrier (Rental) $30/lf
Movable Concrete Barrier—Transport Machine (Rental) $100,000/6 months
Gawk Screen (optional) $3/lf
Temporary Signal $30,000 each

 

Demand Management

Strategy "Rough" Costs
Park & Ride $50/hr
Ramp Metering $50,000/location

 

Alternate Route

Strategy "Rough" Costs
Traffic Control Officers $50/hour

Slide 31-33

The following 6 tables provide further details about the unit cost information for TMP Strategies (Source: TMP Effectiveness Study [Wilbur Smith, 1993]).

Public Information

Strategy Unit Cost Comment
Brochures and Mailers Cost could range between $.40 to $ .50/ brochure for a large quantity. Variable depending on the text, graphics and presentation quality of the materials produced, numbers printed and distribution methods.
Media Releases Cost varies with labor up to a few hours of labor/ month. Labor cost associated with TMP personnel interacting with media, as well as time developing press releases.Cost varies with labor up to a few hours of labor/ month.
Public Info. Center Basic cost would range from zero to $1.50 per square foot per month depending on the location. Basic cost would range from zero to $1.50 per square foot per month depending on the location.Additional costs could include staffing, equipment, furnishings and operating costs.
Paid Advertising The cost depends on newspaper rates in the area, but can range between $100 to $600 for 3 column inches, one time only. empty cell
Visual Information empty cell Variable
Telephone Hotline Installation: In the range of $100 - $110 for one line (local access only).
Additional Lines: Approximately $75.00 each.
Monthly Fee: $20.00 plus usage (rates are discounted if over		 Installation: This does not include having the actual line installed into the location).
Additional Lines: Approximately $75.00 each.

 

Motorist Information

Strategy Unit Cost Comment
CMS $35,000 to $50,000 to purchase depending upon whether installation is permanent or portable; $1,900 to $2,400/ month to lease in 1993 dollars.Annual operating costs can range from $13,000 to $22,000 (1989 dollars) per unit. empty cell
Signing and Striping empty cell Variable
Highway Advisory Radio $30,000 to $35,000/ spot; $53,000 for portable unit empty cell

 

Incident Management

Strategy Unit Cost Comment
Traffic Monitoring Station $30,000 per mile empty cell
Tow Service Cost/ truck hour of service ranges from $50.00 to $60.00. Annualized cost of $85,000/ vehicle, or about $250/ day. empty cell
Aerial Surveillance Ranges from $5,000 to 6,000 per month (based on D 12 project) to $12,000/ month (I-95 project in Florida) empty cell
Call Boxes $5,000 to $6,500 for field units (part of construction cost, not TM cost); $25,000 to $32,000 dispatching unit; $500 to $600 annual operating cost/ unit. Cost could also include telephone message charges and dispatching.
COZEEP $50 to $60/ hour (Construction Zone Enforcement Enhancement Program)

 

Construction Strategies

Strategy Unit Cost Comment
Variable Lanes Temporary concrete barriers: $15 per linear foot
Traffic cones: $10 each
Channelizers: $35 each		 empty cell
Project Phasing Variable depending in the duration of construction, materials used for the stages construction, and additional design fees for preparation of PS & E. empty cell
Incentive / Disincentive Provisions empty cell $6,000 per day with maximum 5 percent of construction cost for incentive $12,000 per day for disincentive (based on the I-45 project in Houston, Texas).
Cost-Plus-Time Bidding Not Available empty cell
Owner- Imposed Physical Restrictions Not Available empty cell
Use of Owner- Supplied or Stockpiled Materials Not Available empty cell
Value Engineering Incentive Not Available empty cell
Surveillance Not Available empty cell
Lane/Ramp Closures $2,800 per direction per count location Counts may already be available in District's inventory section
Glare/ Gawk Screens $10 per linear foot to lease, $15 per linear foot to purchase empty cell
Truck Traffic Restrictions None empty cell
Total Facility Closure empty cell Cost for COZEEP depends on extent of closure
Lane-By-Lane Rental empty cell Varies, depending on construction engineering costs, traffic control costs and road user costs. This element would typically be funded as part of the construction contract, rather than the TMP.

 

Demand Management

Strategy Unit Cost Comment
Rideshare Incentives Vanpooling incentives range from $.19 to $ .62 per vehicle using the corridor (based on ADT). empty cell
Rideshare Marketing Unknown. TMP costs do not differentiate between overall marketing costs and rideshare marketing costs.
Park-and Ride Lots Temporary at- grade parking would cost $1,000 per space with $50/ space with annual maintenance cost. Variable, depending whether new lots must be acquired or built.
Transit Service Improvements $5.00/ vehicle mile. empty cell
Transit Incentives Depends on level of incentive, up to $60/ month is not tax- free empty cell
High Occupancy Vehicle Lanes $6,000 per mile for temporary HOV lane. empty cell
Parking Management/ Pricing Minimal empty cell

 

Alternate Routes

Strategy Unit Cost Comment
Ramp Closure and Ramp Metering $80,000 to $100,000 per ramp for ramp metering. empty cell
Street Improvements Approximately $10,000 per intersection. Variable depending on the magnitude of geometric changes.
Traffic Control Improvements $10,000 to 25,000 per temporary signal or signal modification. empty cell

Slide 34

Example of the Transportation Management Plans "Blanket Closure" Form F

This form asks for the following information:

  • Contact Information: Contact Person; Phone (office); Phone (cell)
  • Details: District; County; Route; Postmile(s); Number of Lanes Affected; Length of Segment; Location Description; Work Description; Initial Date/Time; Ending Date/Time; Expected Duration; Expected Delay (minutes)
  • Blanket TMP Activities (user is asked to check the appropriate boxes): Bridge inspection/repair; Culvert/drainage—cleanout/inspection/repairs; Delineator/Postmile marker repairs/replacement; Ditch and channel work; Driveway construction; Debris/litter removal; Facility patrols and surveillance; Graffiti abatement/cleanup on walls/signs/equipment cabinets; Landscaping (irrigation/vegetation control—spraying, mowing); Lighting repairs/relamping; Non-landscaped area tree/brush/vegetation work; Electrical maintenance; Median barrier/attenuator repairs (off traveled way); Pavement coring/testing; Pavement—minor repairs/replacement; Pavement—grinding operations (AC digouts); Roadside Facilities (Rest Area/Vista Points); Roadside Facilities (Weigh Station/Park and Ride Lot); Restriping; Right-of-Way Fence repair; Safety and Accident investigations; Shoulder area grading for lateral support; Sign repairs/replacement; Sump pump repairs/cleaning; Surveying; Tree maintenance (trimming/pruning); Utilities placement/maintenance
  • Facility (user is asked to check the appropriate boxes): Mainline; Auxiliary lane; Median; Shoulder; Bridge; On-ramp; Off-ramp; Connector
  • Type of Closure (user is asked to check the appropriate boxes): Lane; Full Freeway; Moving; One-way; Various
  • Additional Information: Did you prepare Lane Closure Charts? (user can answer yes or no); Was "Zero delay" goal accomplished? (If not, be sure to specify the expected delay above.) (user can answer yes or no); Are there adjacent Lane Closures in the same corridor? (user can answer yes or no); If Yes, what is the spacing?

Slide 35

Sample Delay Calculations for a Demand vs. Capacity Study

Location Details

Percent Truck 0.0%
Percent Passenger Cars 100.0%
Number of Lanes Existing 4 Lanes
Number of Lanes Open 2 Lanes
Cost per Truck $24/Vehicle-Hour
Cost per Passenger Car $9/Vehicle-Hour
Cost for Mixed Flow Traffic $9/Vehicle-Hour
Single-Lane Capacity 1500 Vehicles per hour
Open-Lane Capacity 3000 Vehicles per hour

 

Count Date: 5-3-2001

Time Demand (vehicles) Cumulative Demand (vehicles) Cumulative Capacity (vehicles) Difference (vehicles) Area (vehicle hours) Queue Length (miles) Individual Delay (minutes)
6 AM empty cell empty cell empty cell empty cell empty cell empty cell empty cell
7 AM 5309 5309 3000 2309 1154.5 2.7 46
8 AM 6945 12254 6000 6254 4281.5 7.4 125

Results

Maximum Individual Delay 125 minutes
Vehicle Delay Hours 5,436 vehicle-hours
Total Cost of Delay $48,924
Delay Cost/10 minutes $4,077
Office of Operations