References

1. Benefits Documents Related to the ITS Benefits Database, USDOT: http://www.itsbenefits.its.dot.gov/its/benecost.nsf/ByLink/BenefitsDocs

2. United Sates Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. Freeway Incident Management Handbook. Washington: GPO, 1991.

3. Table obtained from Table 1-1 in Freeway Incident Management Handbook http://www.its.dot.gov/jpodocs/rept_mis/@9201!.pdf

4. The derivation of the equations from queuing theory principles for total delay and time delay in queue is provided in Appendix B.

5. Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey (NPTS) . US Department of Transportation. http://npts.ornl.gov/npts/1990/fat/tab7_7.pdf.

6. US Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Atlanta, Georgia—-2004 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (http://stats.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_0520.htm)

7. An Initial Assessment of Freight Bottlenecks on Highways prepared for Federal Highway Administration, Office of Transportation Policy Studies, October 2005 (https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/otps/bottlenecks/chap6.htm)

8. Change, Dr. Gang-Len, Deepak Shrestha, Jean Yves Point-Du-Jour, “Performance Evaluation of CHART – An Incident Management Program – in 1997”, May 2002 (http://www.itsbenefits.its.dot.gov/its/benecost.nsf/0/BE81A839C08CB2AE852569610051E2E1?OpenDocument&Query=State).

9. Raub, Richard A., “Occurrence of Secondary Crashes on Urban Arterial Roadways”, Transportation Research Record 1581: afety and Human Performance – Traffic Records, Accident Prediction and Analysis and Statistical Methods, 1997

10. L. Blincoe, A. Seay, E. Zaloshnja, T. Miller, E. Ramano, S. Luchter, R.Spicer. "The Economic Impact of Motor Vehicle Crashes 2000,", United States Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, May 2002.

11. Williams, B.M., and L.A. Hoel. Modeling and Forecasting Vehicular Traffic Flow as a Seasonal ARIMA Process: Theoretical Basis and Empirical Results, Journal of Transportation Engineering, Vol. 129, No. 6, 2003, pp. 664–672

12. Average Annual Emissions and Fuel Consumption for Passenger Cars and Light Trucks, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Radiation, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, EPA420-F-00-013, April 2000. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/consumer/f00013.htm

13. Brodrick, C. J. et al., Evaluation of fuel cell auxiliary power units for heavy-duty diesel trucks, Transportation Research Part D (2002) pp 303-315 http://www.uctc.net/papers/587.pdf

14. Driving more efficiently, http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/driveHabits.shtml

15. US Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Atlanta, Georgia-2004 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (http://stats.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_ga.htm)

16. An Initial Assessment of Freight Bottlenecks on Highways prepared for Federal Highway Administration, Office of Transportation Policy Studies, October 2005 (https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/otps/bottlenecks/chap6.htm)

17. Retail Gasoline Historical Prices, Energy Information Administration, Department of Energy http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/wrgp/mogas_home_page.html

18. U.S. No. 2 Diesel Retail Sales by All Sellers (Cents per Gallon), Energy Information Administration, Department of Energy http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/hist/ddr001w.htm

19. EPA - OTAQ - AP-42: Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors http://www.epa.gov/otaq/ap42.htm#highway

20. http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/wrgp/mogas_history.html

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