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Comprehensive Truck Size and Weight Limits Study - Highway Safety and Truck Crash Comparative Analysis Technical Report

Appendix F: Inspection and Violation Results

Violation Categories

The top 15 violation categories associated with safety inspections were tabulated for vehicles with weights at or below 80,000 lbs. GVW and with weights greater than 80,000 lbs. (Table F1). Similar tables were created for the different truck configurations of interest (Tables F2 to F6).

Table F-1. Top 15 Violation Categories by Weight Threshold.
Operated at or Below 80,000 pounds Operated Over 80,000 pounds
Violation category Total # of violations (%) Avg # of violations Violation category Total # of violations (%) Avg # of violations
Brakes, All Other Violations 370009 22.3% 0.624 Brakes, All Other Violations 134912 36.7% 1.278
Lighting 311467 18.8% 0.526 Lighting 52751 14.3% 0.500
All Other Vehicle Defects 201386 12.1% 0.340 All Other Vehicle Defects 39828 10.8% 0.377
All Other Driver Violations 119542 7.2% 0.202 Tires 22933 6.2% 0.217
Emergency Equipment 109978 6.6% 0.186 Brakes, Out of Adjustment 17129 4.7% 0.162
Tires 83512 5.0% 0.141 All Other Driver Violations 12113 3.3% 0.115
Periodic Inspection 61599 3.7% 0.104 Suspension 9538 2.6% 0.090
Medical Certificate 53083 3.2% 0.090 Load Securement 8191 2.2% 0.078
Load Securement 45787 2.8% 0.077 Emergency Equipment 8182 2.2% 0.077
Windshield 35611 2.1% 0.060 All Other Hours Of Service 7344 2.0% 0.070
Brakes, Out of Adjustment 33987 2.0% 0.057 Periodic Inspection 6680 1.8% 0.063
No Log Book, Log Not Current, General Log Violations 33656 2.0% 0.057 Frames 6494 1.8% 0.062
Suspension 26113 1.6% 0.044 Windshield 6216 1.7% 0.059
All Other Hours Of Service 22971 1.4% 0.039 No Log Book, Log Not Current, General Log Violations 5130 1.4% 0.049
Steering Mechanism 18944 1.1% 0.032 Steering Mechanism 5087 1.4% 0.048

Table F-2. Top 15 Violation Categories for 80,000 lb Tractor Semitrailer.
Violation category Total # of violations (%) Avg # of violations
Brakes, All Other Violations 93246 35.4% 1.174
Lighting 38127 14.5% 0.480
All Other Vehicle Defects 27406 10.4% 0.345
Tires 18658 7.1% 0.235
All Other Driver Violations 8622 3.3% 0.109
Brakes, Out of Adjustment 8482 3.2% 0.107
All Other Hours Of Service 6750 2.6% 0.085
Emergency Equipment 6547 2.5% 0.082
Suspension 6141 2.3% 0.077
Load Securement 5435 2.1% 0.068
Windshield 5157 2.0% 0.065
No Log Book, Log Not Current, General Log Violations 4731 1.8% 0.060
10/15 Hours 4635 1.8% 0.058
Steering Mechanism 4433 1.7% 0.056
Periodic Inspection 4044 1.5% 0.051

Table F-3. Top 15 Violation Categories for 88,000 lb Tractor Semitrailer.
Violation category Total # of violations (%) Avg # of violations
Brakes, All Other Violations 1651 35.2% 1.155
Lighting 662 14.1% 0.463
All Other Vehicle Defects 540 11.5% 0.378
Tires 280 6.0% 0.196
Brakes, Out of Adjustment 275 5.9% 0.192
Suspension 146 3.1% 0.102
Emergency Equipment 133 2.8% 0.093
All Other Driver Violations 129 2.8% 0.090
Exhaust Discharge 110 2.3% 0.077
Load Securement 103 2.2% 0.072
Frames 92 2.0% 0.064
Steering Mechanism 89 1.9% 0.062
Windshield 78 1.7% 0.055
All Other Hours Of Service 68 1.4% 0.048
Periodic Inspection 68 1.4% 0.048

Table F-4. Top 15 Violation Categories for 91,000 lb Tractor Semitrailer.
Violation category Total # of violations (%) Avg # of violations
Brakes, All Other Violations 3202 35.9% 1.227
Lighting 1357 15.2% 0.520
All Other Vehicle Defects 1071 12.0% 0.410
Tires 575 6.4% 0.220
Brakes, Out of Adjustment 401 4.5% 0.154
All Other Driver Violations 312 3.5% 0.120
Emergency Equipment 217 2.4% 0.083
Suspension 201 2.3% 0.077
Load Securement 176 2.0% 0.067
Periodic Inspection 169 1.9% 0.065
Frames 167 1.9% 0.064
Exhaust Discharge 150 1.7% 0.057
Windshield 146 1.6% 0.056
Steering Mechanism 120 1.3% 0.046
All Other Hours Of Service 103 1.2% 0.039

Table F-5. Top 15 Violation Categories for 97,000 lb Tractor Semitrailer.
Violation category Total # of violations (%) Avg # of violations
Brakes, All Other Violations 3253 36.2% 1.345
Lighting 1257 14.0% 0.520
All Other Vehicle Defects 1072 11.9% 0.443
Tires 525 5.8% 0.217
Brakes, Out of Adjustment 494 5.5% 0.204
All Other Driver Violations 333 3.7% 0.138
Suspension 266 3.0% 0.110
Frames 242 2.7% 0.100
Emergency Equipment 225 2.5% 0.093
Windshield 168 1.9% 0.069
Load Securement 132 1.5% 0.055
Steering Mechanism 131 1.5% 0.054
Periodic Inspection 110 1.2% 0.045
Exhaust Discharge 109 1.2% 0.045
Wheels, Studs, Clamps, Etc. 101 1.1% 0.042

Table F-6. Top 15 Violation Categories for Twin and Triple Trailers.
Tractor Twin-trailer (80K) Tractor Triple-trailer
Violation category Total # of violations (%) Avg # of violations Violation category Total # of violations (%) Avg # of violations
Brakes, All Other Violations 1263 38.1% 1.509 Brakes, All Other Violations 115 37.2% 0.975
Lighting 480 14.5% 0.573 All Other Vehicle Defects 53 17.2% 0.449
All Other Vehicle Defects 382 11.5% 0.456 Lighting 49 15.9% 0.415
Tires 159 4.8% 0.190 Tires 22 7.1% 0.186
Brakes, Out of Adjustment 120 3.6% 0.143 All Other Driver Violations 10 3.2% 0.085
All Other Driver Violations 109 3.3% 0.130 Suspension 10 3.2% 0.085
Load Securement 73 2.2% 0.087 Load Securement 7 2.3% 0.059
Suspension 69 2.1% 0.082 Wheels, Studs, Clamps, Etc. 7 2.3% 0.059
Coupling Devices 63 1.9% 0.075 Windshield 5 1.6% 0.042
Emergency Equipment 55 1.7% 0.066 Brakes, Out of Adjustment 4 1.3% 0.034
Periodic Inspection 48 1.4% 0.057 Coupling Devices 4 1.3% 0.034
Steering Mechanism 43 1.3% 0.051 All Other Hours Of Service 3 1.0% 0.025
Windshield 42 1.3% 0.050 Emergency Equipment 3 1.0% 0.025
All Other HM Violations 40 1.2% 0.048 Medical Certificate 3 1.0% 0.025
Exhaust Discharge 39 1.2% 0.047 No Log Book, Log Not Current, General Log Violations 3 1.0% 0.025

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