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Best Practices for Road Weather Management Version 2.0

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Title:

Effects of Snowfalls on Motor Vehicle Collisions, Injuries, and Fatalities

Abstract:

This study estimated the effects of snowfalls on US traffic crash rates between 1975 and 2000. Methods. Recorded fatal crashes (1.4 million) for the 48 contiguous states from 1975 through 2000 were linked to daily state weather data. For a subsample including 17 states during the 1990s, we also linked all recorded property-damage-only crashes (22.9 million) and nonfatal-injury crashes (13.5 million) to daily weather data. Employing negative binomial regressions, we investigated the effects of snowfall on crash counts. Fixed effects and other controls were included to address potential confounders. Snow days had fewer fatal crashes than dry days, but more nonfatal-injury crashes and property-damage-only crashes. The first snowy day of the year was substantially more dangerous than other snow days in terms of fatalities, particularly for elderly drivers. The toll of snow-related crashes is substantial. Our results may help estimate the potential benefits of safety innovations currently proposed by meteorology and traffic safety experts.

Source(s):

American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 95, No. 1; University of California-Berkely and University of Michigan-Ann Arbor

http://www.ajph.org/cgi/reprint/95/1/120.pdf

Date: 2005

Author:

Eisenberg, Warner

Keywords:


Safety
Snow
Pavement condition

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